Zithunzi za PVC

Polyvinyl chloride (mwina: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: polyvinyl, kapena vinilu mophweka; mwachidule: PVC) ndi polima wachitatu padziko lonse wopangidwa mofala kwambiri wa pulasitiki (pambuyo pa polyethylene ndi polypropylene).Pafupifupi matani 40 miliyoni a PVC amapangidwa chaka chilichonse.

PVC imabwera m'njira ziwiri: yokhazikika (nthawi zina imafupikitsidwa ngati RPVC) komanso yosinthika.Mawonekedwe olimba a PVC amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga chitoliro ndi ntchito za mbiri monga zitseko ndi mazenera.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mabotolo apulasitiki, zoyikapo zopanda chakudya, mapepala ophimba chakudya ndi makadi apulasitiki (monga makhadi aku banki kapena umembala).Itha kupangidwa kuti ikhale yofewa komanso yosinthika powonjezera mapulasitiki, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukhala phthalates.Mu mawonekedwe awa, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mipope, kutsekereza chingwe chamagetsi, zikopa zofananira, pansi, zikwangwani, zolembera za phonograph, zinthu zowotcha, ndi ntchito zambiri zomwe zimalowetsa mphira.Ndi thonje kapena nsalu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu.

Pure polyvinyl chloride ndi yoyera, yolimba yolimba.Sisungunuka mu mowa koma sungunuka pang'ono mu tetrahydrofuran.

PVC idapangidwa mu 1872 ndi wasayansi waku Germany Eugen Baumann atafufuza ndi kuyesa kwanthawi yayitali.Polimayo inkawoneka ngati yolimba yoyera mkati mwa botolo la vinyl chloride yomwe idasiyidwa pashelefu yotetezedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa milungu inayi.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, katswiri wa zamankhwala wa ku Russia dzina lake Ivan Ostromislensky ndi Fritz Klatte wa kampani ya ku Germany yotchedwa Griesheim-Elektron onse anayesa kugwiritsa ntchito PVC pazinthu zamalonda, koma zovuta za polima zolimba, nthawi zina zowonongeka zinalepheretsa khama lawo.Waldo Semon ndi BF Goodrich Company adapanga njira mu 1926 yopangira pulasitiki PVC poyiphatikiza ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito dibutyl phthalate pofika 1933.