Polyvinyl chloride (kapena: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: polyvinyl, kapena vinyl; mwachidule: PVC) ndi polima yachitatu yopangidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki (pambuyo pa polyethylene ndi polypropylene). Pafupifupi matani 40 miliyoni a PVC amapangidwa chaka chilichonse.
PVC imabwera m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: yolimba (nthawi zina imafupikitsidwa ngati RPVC) ndi yosinthasintha. Mtundu wolimba wa PVC umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi ndi ntchito monga zitseko ndi mawindo. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mabotolo apulasitiki, ma phukusi osakhala chakudya, mapepala ophimba chakudya ndi makadi apulasitiki (monga makadi akubanki kapena umembala). Itha kupangidwa kukhala yofewa komanso yosinthasintha powonjezera mapulasitiki, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma phthalates. Mu mtundu uwu, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu mapaipi, kutchinjiriza chingwe chamagetsi, chikopa choyipa, pansi, zizindikiro, zolemba za phonograph, zinthu zopumira, ndi ntchito zambiri pomwe zimalowa m'malo mwa rabara. Ndi thonje kapena nsalu, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu.
Polyvinyl chloride yoyera ndi yolimba komanso yofooka. Siisungunuka mu mowa koma imasungunuka pang'ono mu tetrahydrofuran.
PVC idapangidwa mu 1872 ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala waku Germany Eugen Baumann pambuyo pofufuza ndi kuyesa kwa nthawi yayitali. Polimayi idawoneka ngati chinthu choyera mkati mwa botolo la vinyl chloride lomwe linasiyidwa pashelefu yotetezedwa ku dzuwa kwa milungu inayi. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, katswiri wa zamankhwala waku Russia Ivan Ostromislensky ndi Fritz Klatte a kampani ya mankhwala yaku Germany ya Griesheim-Elektron onse anayesa kugwiritsa ntchito PVC pazinthu zamalonda, koma zovuta pokonza polima yolimba, nthawi zina yofooka zinalepheretsa khama lawo. Waldo Semon ndi BF Goodrich Company adapanga njira mu 1926 yopangira PVC pulasitiki poisakaniza ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito dibutyl phthalate pofika mu 1933.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-09-2023